Stocks off to worst start ever

— -- Wall Street's ongoing struggles reached historic proportions Tuesday when another sell-off sent stocks to their worst first five trading days of a year ever.

The markets' declines added to the losses that have been mounting since last October. "It was nasty," says Chuck Stutenroth of ZAR Fund Group. "We had November, December and now, this."

And "this," so far, means:

•Worst start to a year. The S&P 500 has lost 5.3% in just five days. That's the benchmark's worst first five days, topping the 5.2% loss at the start of 1932, says Howard Silverblatt of S&P.

The first five days hold import with investors, because a strong first five days have been followed by a strong year 86% of the time, says the Stock Trader's Almanac. A weak start, though, doesn't mean a lousy year: In 1991, the S&P jumped 26.3% for the year despite falling 4.6% in the first five days.

•Return to correction territory. All three major stock indexes, the S&P 500, Dow and Nasdaq, are now more than 10% below recent highs, meaning the stock market is in an official "correction" for the second time in little more than a month. The S&P 500 is off 11.2% from its high last October, and below where it bottomed following the November plunge.

The correction has been a slap of reality for investors who thought stocks were immune to problems from the weakening economy, says Michael Farr of Farr Miller & Washington. "Investors have been complacent for too long," he says. "This will be a year to endure."

•Even worse damage below the surface. Nearly 1,000 of the stocks in the broad S&P 1500, which contains shares of small, midsize and large companies, are in a bear market, since they're down 20% or more from their highs the past 52 weeks, according to a USA TODAY analysis of data from Bridge Information.