WHO GETS WHAT: Billions to Colleges and Students

In this Jan 13, 2009 file photo, then Education Secretary-designate Arne Duncan testifies on Capitol...

In this Jan 13, 2009 file photo, then Education Secretary-designate Arne Duncan testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington before the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing on his nomination. The stimulus plan emerging in Washington could offer an unprecedented, multibillion-dollar boost in financial help for college students trying to pursue a degree while they ride out the recession. (AP Photo/Kevin Wolf, File)

(AP)

The stimulus plan emerging in Washington could offer an unprecedented, multibillion-dollar boost in financial help for college students trying to pursue a degree while they ride out the recession.

It could also hand out billions to the states to kick-start idled campus construction projects and help prevent tuition increases at a time when families can least afford them.

But cuts of $40 billion for state and local governments in the Senate version were a big disappointment for college leaders. House-Senate negotiations will determine whether education aid to the states is relatively modest or massive — and how much gets directed to high-need institutions for building projects, versus elite universities that would benefit if the final package spends more of the money on scientific research.

Students are big winners. Both the House and Senate bills call for the largest-ever funding increase for Pell Grants, the government's chief college aid program for low-income students.

It will take much of the proposed $15.6 billion increase in the House version (slightly less in the Senate) just to erase the existing funding shortfall and meet the surging demand as the economy sours and more students enroll.

But the package would also increase next year's maximum award by up to $500, to $5,350, starting July 1. That's the biggest increase in history and would cover three-quarters of the cost of the average public four-year college.

Most Pell recipients come from families earning less than $40,000. And supporters note the new Pell dollars would be spent almost immediately — students can't save them — while also paying off down the road.

"Long-term, if we want a better economy, we need more people going to college," Education Arne Duncan told The Associated Press last week.

College leaders meeting in Washington this week for the American Council on Education's annual meeting will be grateful for the student aid boost. But they'll be closely watching how Congress bridges the huge gaps between how much the House and Senate versions propose spending to bail out state budgets and prevent drastic education cuts.