Jul 18, 2008 12:41pm

Transit of Earth

31 million miles from Earth, NASA’s Deep Impact spacecraft has taken a look back at us — at just the right moment.  In a time-lapse movie from May 29, it shows a transit — a passage of the Moon across the face of the Earth.  We think you’ll agree it’s very cool.

There’s more information HERE from the University of Maryland, which runs the mission for NASA. (NOTE, added Saturday: you can also find different formats there of the video, without the commercial that plays with our embedded version.  My apologies to those who were annoyed by it.)

The darkness and slightly ruddy color of the Moon are not accidental.  We think of the Moon as a bright disc as it reflects sunlight our way, but in fact lunar soil is much darker than the Earth, with its white clouds and blue oceans.  Apollo astronauts, describing the Moon’s color from close-up, often remarked about the…lack of color. 

The movie is very sped-up; it was assembled from images shot fifteen minutes apart.  More information HERE.

Deep Impact made its mark on July 4, 2005, when it sent a probe crashing into a comet and recorded the results.  Even NASA believes in recycling these days: the robot ship has been given a new mission, called EPOXI; it will fly by another comet in 2010.

The University of Maryland says the video is for more than amusement.  Images from the last six months of flight will be used "to characterize the Earth as a planet for comparison with planets around other stars."

Video Credit: Donald J. Lindler, Sigma Space Corporation and NASA/JPL-Caltech/GSFC/UMD

User Comments

It just does not get any COOLER than this! NASA is worth every penny of my tax dollars. Unlike a certain war that never should have been started. These images are honestly, what makes life interesting & exciting. THANK YOU NASA!!!

Posted by: PhillyPaul | July 18, 2008, 1:33 pm 1:33 pm

Almost forgot! THANKS to you too Ned!

Posted by: PhillyPaul | July 18, 2008, 1:34 pm 1:34 pm

How incredibly pretty. You know the moon is moving away from us? How many more years will we be able to live on this lovely little planet… ?

Posted by: yolande | July 18, 2008, 1:38 pm 1:38 pm

yolande,
I think I read somewhere that the sun will become a red giant long before the moon leaves Earth orbit.

Posted by: Bob | July 18, 2008, 1:48 pm 1:48 pm

Is this from last night or from May? Does anyone know?

Posted by: Chris | July 18, 2008, 1:55 pm 1:55 pm

And people say there is “no” God

Posted by: Lifesource | July 18, 2008, 2:21 pm 2:21 pm

Awesome. Simply awesome.

Posted by: Soldier | July 18, 2008, 2:29 pm 2:29 pm

WOW, THIS JUST PROVES THAT GOD MAKES THE BEST PICTURES!!!!!

Posted by: RICK | July 18, 2008, 2:31 pm 2:31 pm

Very cool movies. Just wish the resolution was better.

Posted by: Larry | July 18, 2008, 2:35 pm 2:35 pm

There is NO God, probably.

Posted by: edward | July 18, 2008, 2:42 pm 2:42 pm

Very cool indeed. I don’t see how it
“proves” there is a god though..

Posted by: Sean | July 18, 2008, 2:43 pm 2:43 pm

Note from Ned Potter–
Larry, we asked about the video quality. The answer from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center is that the time-lapse was put together from a very small part of each image sent by the spacecraft, so they can’t improve it. (Think of enlarging one face from a group photo you take with a digital camera.)
“That’s what you get from 31 million miles away,” said one of the people we reached.
And, Chris, just to clarify: the images are indeed from May 29, just released. They said it took a little time to realize they had something good, and then match up the images to turn them into a time-lapse.

Posted by: Ned Potter | July 18, 2008, 2:46 pm 2:46 pm

Cool! :)
I find something odd though. Does the moon orbit around the Earth that fast? In the vid, the Earth didn’t even complete one rotation on its axis before the moon came zipping by.

Posted by: GWP | July 18, 2008, 2:51 pm 2:51 pm

Fool Most of the people some of the time. Fool me non of the time. NASA The Truth is comming out and there is nothing you can do about it.

Posted by: Corrice | July 18, 2008, 2:53 pm 2:53 pm

Amazing video, question, why does the earth seem to take a shift to the left as the moon passes from the shadows into the sunlight? Gravity from the passing moon shift the camera? Does gravity bend the light, manipulating our view? Simple camera quirk?

Posted by: Amazed | July 18, 2008, 3:02 pm 3:02 pm

And then Corrice checks in from the grassy knoll.

Posted by: Zinglesloff | July 18, 2008, 3:09 pm 3:09 pm

GWP, the movie is a combination of 97 frames taken over 24 hours. It appears that the moon is moving quickly, but we are only seeing a very, very small part of the orbit that crosses in front of the Earth.
Elizabeth

Posted by: Elizabeth | July 18, 2008, 3:21 pm 3:21 pm

I had never before considered how much higher is Earth’ albedo compared to that of the moon. Next to “Earthlight”, moonlight looks really dingy and dim! BTW, one reason that Earth might appear to shift to the left in this time-lapse is simply that Earth DOES shift a bit. The moon does not revolve around Earth’s center, but rather Earth and its moon revolve together in a dance around their common center of mass (“center of gravity” or “barycenter”) in such a manner that that common center of mass DOES NOT shift in its orbit of the sun. When the moon goes one way, Earth must simultaneously shift the other way by perhaps several hundred miles, so that the common center of mass may remain in its place or path.

Posted by: Jordan | July 18, 2008, 3:27 pm 3:27 pm

Jordan,
That shift would not be noticeable. I don’t see the shift that is being described, but I imagine that it could be simply in the playback or in the interpretation of the jerkiness from doing frames every 15 minutes rather than every minute or every second.

Posted by: Elizabeth | July 18, 2008, 3:39 pm 3:39 pm

GWP, in addition to what Elizabeth said, remember that the Earth-Moon distance is several dozen Earth radii. So the Moon is travelling in a much larger circle than is immediately apparent in the video.

Posted by: Kacky Snorgle | July 18, 2008, 3:50 pm 3:50 pm

Elizabeth,
In the course of this transit alone, Earth should have shifted bout 1080 km to the left (24 hrs x 45 km/h, given that the view is at right angle to the orbital motion.) That is almost a third the diameter of the moon, and should certainly be perceptible.

Posted by: Jordan | July 18, 2008, 4:10 pm 4:10 pm

Simply magical…. :)

Posted by: Gina | July 18, 2008, 4:32 pm 4:32 pm

What is actually visible in the video is a small shift to the left during the actual transit – which is quickly corrected. (Use your mouse pointer as a reference.) This suggests that either (1) the Deep Impact spacecraft is actively maintaining (tracking) Earth alignment – perhaps for communications purposes – or (2) the video has been edited to keep Earth in the center of the frame. But Earth does “wobble” actually several thousand miles each month around the Earth-moon barycenter.

Posted by: Jordan | July 18, 2008, 4:34 pm 4:34 pm

beautiful.

Posted by: -UA- | July 18, 2008, 4:48 pm 4:48 pm

Also remember that the Deep Impact spacecraft is traveling very fast itself along with the earth and moon who are orbiting our Sun. The camera was probably taking a very wide view of space durring its recording so they would have had a fun time making a video of the moon transit.

Posted by: Greg | July 18, 2008, 4:53 pm 4:53 pm

To answer a couple questions:
1) Yes, the Earth wobbles slightly toward the Moon – it’s the center of gravity of the Earth-Moon system than smoothly follows the elliptical path around the sun. That center is not near the center of the earth, but near its surface, so we wobble.
2) Yes, the Moon orbits that fast. The Moon makes one complete synodic (real, not apparent) orbit of the Earth in 29.5 days (708 hours). So to move one degree around the earth would take 708/360 = 1.97 hours. The moon is in view from 5:35 to 10:35 – 5 hours. That means it has moved less than 3 degrees in it’s orbit. That seems reasonable for this view.

Posted by: Mickey | July 18, 2008, 5:07 pm 5:07 pm

Greg,
Actually, the spacecraft, now renamed EPOXI, appears to be just slightly ahead of and crossing Earth’s orbit just now, on an orbit of almost identical period, and its motion relative to Earth may be nearly negligible.

Posted by: Jordan | July 18, 2008, 5:19 pm 5:19 pm

I believe the currently-accepted wisdom on the origin of our moon is that it is composed of material ejected when a Mars-sized object collided with the very young Earth, billions of years ago. I recently read something about a study that seemed to confirm that, also. An article by Douglas N. C. Lin in a receint issue of Scientific American magazine (“The Chaotic Genesis of Planets”, 5-08) offers a fascinating look into current understanding of the subject. That is science. And for the fundamentalists posting here, one interpretation of Ps 90:4 suggests that one Genesis “creation day” should appear to us to be about 2.2 billion years, so that the universe should seem to be about 13.15 billions years old now (consistent with John 5:17.) That is NOT science at all, but it sure is interesting to this student of the bible.

Posted by: Jordan | July 18, 2008, 5:36 pm 5:36 pm

@Soldier: Love the bugs bunny quote.
Good points. If you are as stated in your handle BTW, keep up the good work, and thanks. Cool video also!

Posted by: Supporter | July 18, 2008, 5:49 pm 5:49 pm

Lets enjoy the art! Soldier, thanks for serving. I did 24 years and all three of my children are now serving. These are the types of videos we like to send each other. When they kids we always made a vaction out of each PCS. We went camping on the way to the next assignment and spent a lot of time watching stars and plantets. First one to see a satelite got five bucks. I sure miss them!

Posted by: Che | July 18, 2008, 6:18 pm 6:18 pm

I think every American kid dreams of being an astronaut when they grow up. What a thrill it must be the first time you sit in the shuttle for take-off, realizing you are moments away from reaching beyond the earth. This video here is the good stuff. Makes us all seem so small!

Posted by: Soldier | July 18, 2008, 6:27 pm 6:27 pm

Jordan, et al,
I stand corrected… However, knowing how the movie was made, the images were registered to keep the Earth centered.

Posted by: Elizabeth | July 18, 2008, 6:29 pm 6:29 pm

Supporter and Che:
Thanks for the nice things you both said. It means a lot to all of us to hear it even anonymously. Supporter, thanks for watching my six and the great things you have said. Che, thank YOU for your service. It’s guys like you that make the country work and NASA possible. Great stories, Che and Supporter.

Posted by: Soldier | July 18, 2008, 6:29 pm 6:29 pm

The name of the spacecraft is the Deep Impact flyby spacecraft. It has not been changed to EPOXI. EPOXI is the name of the mission. Confusing (and irritating) I know.

Posted by: Elizabeth | July 18, 2008, 6:33 pm 6:33 pm

if “currently-accepted wisdom on the origin of our moon is that it is composed of material ejected when a Mars-sized object collided with the very young Earth, billions of years ago” then how this “accepted wisdom” explains the origination of moons around Jupiter(Io, Europa, Ganymade, Collisto), around Saturn and so on. Is it not too many collisions for moon originations ?

Posted by: Ilya Stavinsky | July 18, 2008, 7:47 pm 7:47 pm

ScienceTim here, from the EPOXI team. I can confirm that any wiggles you see in this movie are due to minor defects in the image registration. The Deep Impact spacecraft was not designed for what we are using it for. In particular, that means it does not do a very good job of acquiring and holding an arbitrary pointing, because it was intended to shoot its imaging from short range (a few hundred kilometers instead of several million). The Earth moves all over the place in the raw images, which we have mostly corrected. The Deep Impact camera is not sharply focused and is not focusable due to cost-saving/enhanced reliability measures in the original design — it may be out of focus, but the focus doesn’t change. The original mission did not permit do-overs, so reliability and consistency were paramount. We can digitally correct the poor focus, but it is not a perfectly reliable process. What you see here is the “deconvolved” and registered images.

Posted by: ScienceTim | July 19, 2008, 12:17 am 12:17 am

very cool video….but do they have to keep playing the same dumb advertisement!!

Posted by: pcortez | July 19, 2008, 1:18 am 1:18 am

WOW WOW!!!
To be honest, after i saw the vidio my interest to know more about what is going on beyond the earth increases like oil price. and finally all i could say is “WOW!!!”

Posted by: Mulusew | July 19, 2008, 6:20 am 6:20 am

what if the earth were actualy stationary like the bible suggests?

Posted by: rxgary | July 19, 2008, 9:05 pm 9:05 pm

There are a lot of GREAT space pictures, but this (and the picture of the sun taken from the outer planets) are about the greatest space pictures since ‘Earthrise’ from the moon. I hope there is another ‘greatest’ very soon.

Posted by: rwsmith29456 | July 21, 2008, 1:25 am 1:25 am

Moon looks like it’s getting a little dingy; time to send some folks back up there to spruce it up!

Posted by: Alex | July 21, 2008, 7:45 am 7:45 am

Ilya,
The many moons of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune very well could have been captured. They very well could have also coalesced(spelling?) during the initial planet formation, or directly following. The size of the Jovian planets probably means they were captured early on. I doubt that they would have coalesced, since the Jovian worlds would have had an easy time absorbing any material in their general area during their formation, their sizes can make this seen. So just like Mars’ Phobos and Diemos, which are believed to be captured asteroids, I think it’s safe to say the Jovian moons were, for the most part, probably captured. Now, this is just my thinking, and no research went into it. You can go do a search on Google and find out.
That is a very cool video. I’ve always been fascinated by Astronomy. I used to go out every clear night I had with my telescopes. I’ve got my large one packed away now. Living in an apartment and having three young kids doesn’t give me much time to indulge in it anymore.

Posted by: Lawrence | July 21, 2008, 10:47 am 10:47 am

what video are you all talking about?i didnt see any.well i just have one question for the NASA,……..DO THEY BELIEVE IN GOD?!!!

Posted by: bode olowu | March 7, 2009, 1:43 am 1:43 am

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