Can Macho, Non-Metro Actors Play Gay?
Sean Penn Follows in Gyllenhaal, Ledger's Footsteps With 'Milk'
By LUCHINA FISHER
Dec. 3, 2008 —
He has played a hardened ex-convict, a mentally challenged man and a California stoner. But Sean Penn's current portrayal of a gay politician has some critics calling it his best performance ever.
How this tough-guy, straight actor was able to step into the shoes of Harvey Milk, the country's first openly gay politician, in the new film "Milk" is as much a testament to Penn's talent as it is to a culture that has become more accepting of gays.
Yet, while Penn receives raves for his performance, some in the gay community wonder aloud why a gay actor could not have played his role or any one of the others cast with straight actors James Franco, Emile Hirsch and Diego Luna.
"It has almost become a rite of passage for these leading Hollywood actors to take on a gay role," said David Hauslaib, editorial director of the gay and lesbian Web site Queerty.com. "I think Sean Penn's career can only benefit from a role like this. The same was true for Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal [who played gay lovers in 'Brokeback Mountain']."
"I think there's probably less fear of being typecast the way that actors in the last century had fears," said New York casting director Tiffany Little Canfield. "It's not as big of a risk. I've never heard in all my casting of an actor being concerned about playing a homosexual character."
A cultural shift that turned "Will and Grace" into a Top 10 sitcom and 2005 gay romance "Brokeback Mountain" into a mainstream success has also made the American audience more open to gay characters.
But some charge Hollywood has warmed to gay characters but not to gay actors.
"When straight men get these parts, the gay community feels slighted," Hauslaib said. "A whole number of roles could have gone to openly gay actors to give them visibility. Instead they went to well-known straight actors. It's just another notch in a belt for a straight actor. For a gay actor it could have been a breakout role."
Problem is, even in liberal Hollywood, there remains a dearth of openly gay A-list actors who can open a film.
"It was hard to find gay actors who were out," the film's openly gay director Gus Van Sant told Reuters. "There really aren't [many]. You could do it, but they would be unknowns and that would be fine with me, but the money [financiers] would start to get nervous."
After a dozen years of trying to get "Milk" made, the film finally received the green light when Penn signed on.
"Of all the colors in the rainbow, green [the color of money] still seems to be the most important," Canfield said.
She points out that the number of A-list movie stars who can get a movie produced just by signing on is already small. For gay actors, it's nonexistent. Prominent openly gay actors Sir Ian McKellen and Rupert Everett haven't been able to do it, Canfield said.
"Who are our big movie stars who are openly gay? Is there an A-list?" Canfield said. "No, there is not."
Meanwhile, audiences appear to have little trouble accepting tough guy Penn as a gay man on screen -- in his personal life, he has scrapped with paparazzi and carried a rifle through New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.
"I think he does a remarkable job," said Gregg Kilday, the film editor for The Hollywood Reporter. "He seems to inhabit Milk's milieu, his mannerisms and his spirit."
"Sean Penn often plays very intense characters that keep the world at a distance," Kilday said. "As Milk he's alternately playful and warm. At his core there is a toughness to Milk and also a lightness. That's the real surprise, that Penn captures the lightness as well."
Kilday does not believe that Penn approached this role differently than any other.
"In this case he's playing a real person. He clearly had a lot of research to draw on, a lot of footage of Harvey Milk, friends like Cleve Jones, who served as advisers," Kilday said. "My sense is both he and Van Sant wanted to make the gay sexuality as matter of fact as they could. So they introduced it right at the beginning of film and treated it as casually as the people would have treated it at the time."
While the door has swung open for straight actors to play gay roles, the reverse -- gay actors in straight roles -- is still rare, at least on the big screen.
Cheyenne Jackson, the hunky male star of Broadway shows "Xanadu" and "All Shook Up," has acknowledged that since coming out of the closet, he's unlikely to get leading man roles, though he has gotten a cameo on the NBC drama "Lipstick Jungle" and a small role in the film "United 93."
"To be frank, I think I've missed out on big parts because I'm open," he told The Advocate in April. "I've screen-tested on some really big projects, and you can't tell me that behind closed doors big execs aren't like, 'We have Dean Cain or this gay guy who played Elvis on Broadway.' I'm not that naive to think that that doesn't play into it."
But Kilday sees a shift and it's being spearheaded on the small screen.
"Older gay actors who wanted mainstream film success -- Rock Hudson being the main example -- kept their sexuality hidden," he said.
"Now you're seeing a younger generation of actors on television and stage, who [are] openly gay. Some are playing gay; some, straight. As they mature, a few over time could become mainstream A-list actors."
Those actors include TR Knight on "Grey's Anatomy" and Neil Patrick Harris on "How I Met Your Mother." Both are playing straight roles.
Still, Hauslaib believes American sensibilities are changing faster than Hollywood's. "Until Hollywood decides it will support the career of gay actors, we won't have openly gay actors," he said.
"That's the next step for our culture," Canfield said. "Where is our star who is openly gay?"