Coronavirus updates: Over 7,000 Americans died in past week

Africa's top public health official said the continent of 1.3 billion people has seen an average 8% rise in new COVID-19 cases over the past month.

"We expected it to happen," John Nkengasong, director of the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, told a virtual press conference Thursday, adding that when a second wave of the pandemic hits, "it seems to come back with a lot of full force."

More than 1.9 million cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed across Africa, including over 45,000 deaths. Although testing remains a challenge, the 54-nation continent is on track to surpass 2 million total cases within days as infections creep up in countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya and Nigeria.

Nkengasong urged governments and citizens to follow public health measures.

"We are at a critical point in the response," he said.

As COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations soar to record rates across the United States, the nation's top expert on infectious diseases is urging Americans to double down on fundamental public health measures and "hang in there" until a vaccine becomes widely available.

"Help is really on the way," Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told ABC News' Robin Roberts in an interview Thursday on "Good Morning America."

"The cavalry is coming here. Vaccines are going to have a major positive impact," he added. "They're going to start being implemented and deployed in December. And as we start getting into the early part of the year -- it's going to be January, February, March -- more and more and more people are going to be able to be vaccinated. So if we could just hang in there, do the public health measures that we're talking about, we're going to get this under control -- I promise you."

Those measures include wearing face masks, maintaining physical distances, avoiding crowds and washing hands as often as possible.

"They sound very simple and, given the really very difficult challenge we're facing, one might think that that doesn't make any difference. It really does," Fauci said.

Fauci, a key member of the current White House coronavirus task force, said health care providers and those who are deemed most at-risk will have priority access to a COVID-19 vaccine, but that "ordinary" citizens should be able to get it in the second quarter of next year.

With November on pace to be America's worst month yet fighting the coronavirus pandemic, Fauci admitted he didn't know whether the nation was headed for a lockdown but said "we would like to stay away from that."

"Hopefully we won't have to do that," he added. "The best opposite strategy to locking down is to intensify the public health measures short of locking down. So if you could do that well, you don't have to take that step that people are trying to avoid, which has so many implications both psychologically and economically. We'd like not to do that."

When asked about the political limbo in the wake of the presidential election, Fauci said, "Certainly it's having no impact negatively on our ability as well as our activity in developing vaccines and developing counter measures."

"It is still a major challenge," he added. "We're in a difficult situation and we just got to keep pushing."

Dr. Michael Osterholm, a coronavirus advisor to President-elect Joe Biden, said a nationwide lockdown could help bring the pandemic under control in the United States and even revive the economy.

Osterholm floated the idea during an on-camera interview with Yahoo Finance on Wednesday, saying COVID-19 could be managed until a vaccine becomes available by shutting down businesses for four to six weeks and paying people for lost wages.

"We could pay for a package right now to cover all of the wages, lost wages for individual workers, for losses to small companies, to medium-sized companies or city, state, county governments. We could do all of that," Osterholm said. "If we did that, then we could lock down for four to six weeks."

He said such a scenario could drive down infections and hospitalizations, "like they did in New Zealand and Australia."

"Then we could really watch ourselves cruising into the vaccine availability in the first and second quarter of next year while bringing back the economy long before that," he added.

Osterholm, director of the Center of Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota, was named a member of Biden's transition COVID-19 advisory board on Monday. He previously served as a Science Envoy for Health Security on behalf of the U.S. Department of State from June 2018 to May 2019.

During an exclusive interview with ABC News' David Muir earlier this year, then-Democratic presidential nominee Biden said he "would listen to the scientists" if a nationwide lockdown was recommended.

"I will be prepared to do whatever it takes to save lives because we cannot get the country moving until we control the virus," Biden said.

Russia registered 439 deaths from COVID-19 in the last 24 hours, setting a new single-day record for the second straight day.

An additional 21,608 new cases of COVID-19 were also confirmed nationwide over the past day. Russia's cumulative total now stands at 1,858,568 cases with 32,032 deaths, according to the country's coronavirus response headquarters.

Moscow remains the epicenter of the country's outbreak and recent surge. Nearly 28% of the newly confirmed cases -- 5,997 -- and over 16% of the new deaths -- 71 -- were reported in the capital, according to Russia's coronavirus response headquarters.

Despite the growing number of infections and deaths, Russian authorities have repeatedly said they have no plans to impose another nationwide lockdown.

The Eastern European country of 145 million people has the fifth-highest tally of COVID-19 cases in the world, behind only the United States, India, Brazil and France, according to a real-time count kept by Johns Hopkins University.

ABC News' Alina Lobzina contributed to this report.