Coronavirus updates: Herd immunity by fall 'ambitious,' says surgeon general nominee

New COVID-19 cases and deaths reported in the United States decreased substantially in week-to-week comparisons, according to a Health and Human Services memo obtained by ABC News Thursday.

Twenty-six states are in a downward trajectory of new cases, the memo stated. 

The number of new cases confirmed from Jan. 15 to 21 decreased 20.4% compared to the previous seven-day period. The number of deaths decreased 9.2% during that time.

The national test-positivity rate dropped to 10.6% from 13.1% in week-to-week comparisons.

The percentage of hospitals with more than 80% of their intensive care unit beds filled and the percentage of inpatients with COVID-19 have also decreased slightly, according to HHS. 

ABC News' Josh Margolin contributed to this report.

A Texas doctor is accused of stealing a COVID-19 vaccine vial that contained nine doses, according to Harris County District Attorney Kim Ogg.

Dr. Hasan Gokal of Harris County Public Health allegedly took the vial while working at a county vaccination site on Dec. 29. He was fired and has been charged with theft by a public servant, Ogg said.

"He abused his position to place his friends and family in line in front of people who had gone through the lawful process to be there," Ogg said in a statement. "What he did was illegal and he'll be held accountable under the law."

Gokal's lawyer, Paul Doyle, told Houston ABC station KTRK in a statement that the reason he took the vial was because the doses were going to expire.

"Dr. Gokal is a dedicated public servant who ensured that COVID-19 vaccine dosages that would have otherwise expired went into the arms of people who met the criteria for receiving it," Doyle said. "Harris County would have preferred Dr. Gokal let the vaccines go to waste and are attempting to disparage this man's reputation in the process to support this policy. We look forward to our day in court to right this wrong."

Dr. Anthony Fauci, chief medical adviser to U.S. President Joe Biden, said his “best-case scenario” is getting 85% of Americans vaccinated by the end of the summer.

"If we get 70% to 85% of the country vaccinated, let’s say by the middle of the summer, I believe by the time we get to the fall, we will be approaching a degree of normality," Fauci, who is also the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told reporters at Thursday's White House press briefing.

"If we get 75% to 80% vaccinated, we could have a degree of herd immunity to get us back to normal," Fauci added. "The concern I have is people who have vaccine hesitancy who don't want to get vaccinated. We need to do a lot of good outreach."

Fauci said he believes Biden’s goal of 100 million vaccinations in his first 100 days as president "is quite a reasonable goal."

U.S. President Joe Biden on Thursday signed executive actions related to the coronavirus pandemic including: establishing a testing board to direct help where it’s needed most; mandating masks in airports and on certain modes of transportation; and requiring travelers coming to the U.S. from other countries to test negative before arriving.

Biden said he’s also advocating for stricter workplace standards and is directing both the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to provide guidance to schools on how they can reopen safely.

The president said his plan also begins with an "aggressive" vaccination campaign.

"Rollout has been a dismal failure thus far," Biden said. "I understand why many governors, mayors, county officials, tribal leaders feel like they're left on their own without a clear national plan to get them through the crisis."

"We'll move heaven and Earth to get more people vaccinated for free and create more places for them to get vaccinated ... and to increase vaccine supply and get it out the door as fast as possible," he said.