New York 3rd District special election: Suozzi projected to defeat Pilip

The event that precipitated today's contest was a highly unusual one: a congressional expulsion. On Dec. 1, the U.S. House of Representatives voted 311 to 114 to expel Santos, surpassing the two-thirds majority necessary to remove him from office and leave New York's 3rd Congressional District seat vacant. This marked just the sixth expulsion in House history and only the third since the Civil War.

After winning the 3rd District in the 2022 midterms, Santos quickly became an infamous figure. He currently faces a 23-count federal indictment that includes charges for wire fraud, money laundering and falsifying campaign finance records. Santos survived an initial floor vote to expel him in early November, but his position became more untenable after the House Ethics Committee handed down a report in mid-November that documented more alleged crimes, including redirecting thousands of dollars from campaign funds for personal use.

In the leadup to the expulsion, Republicans had contentious internal and public deliberations over how to handle Santos, in part because of the downstream political consequences of his ouster. With the GOP holding just a 222-to-213 seat majority before Santos's expulsion, each Republican vote was critical to maintaining control of the chamber — which remains the case, as demonstrated last week when a Republican-led effort to impeach Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas failed by one vote. And because the 3rd District is highly competitive, expulsion risked handing a seat to Democrats in an ensuing special election. Nevertheless, House Republicans split about evenly on the question of expelling Santos. And with most Democrats voting for the measure, that was enough to remove him from office.

—Geoffrey Skelley, 538

The battle for control of the House in this November’s elections goes right through New York, making tonight’s special election a critical test run for both parties. Republicans just barely grasped the House majority in 2022, largely as a result of the party’s success in historically Democratic areas of New York. Republicans claimed six open seats in districts that Biden carried two years prior, including three in Long Island. One of those was the Biden +8 seat that Santos flipped after then-Rep. Suozzi decided to run for governor instead of a fourth term in Congress. On the eastern end of Long Island, Republican Nick Lalota won a seat that Biden carried by a fraction of a point, while Anthony D’Esposito flipped a seat just south of the 3rd District that Biden carried by 15 percentage points.

Outside of Long Island, Republicans are defending three more Biden districts across the state. That means Democrats, who need to pick up about five seats in 2024 in order to win the House majority, can do most of the work in New York. But first, they have to figure out how to get past the concerns about Democratic leadership across the state, especially on the issue of immigration. So even if New York’s 3rd Congressional District doesn’t exist in its current form by November — redistricting could make the seat safer for Democrats this fall — the lessons learned by each party will inform messaging and strategic decisions across the state.

—Leah Askarinam, 538

If Suozzi emerges victorious when the dust settles tonight, he may have his overwhelming financial advantage to thank. Suozzi and his Democratic allies outspent Pilip and her GOP backers on TV nearly 2-to-1, according to data from AdImpact. Overall, Team Blue ran $13.2 million worth of TV advertising — across broadcast, cable, satellite and streaming channels — compared to $7.7 million for Team Red.

Suozzi himself spent $3.85 million on TV, and was bolstered by $5.4 million from House Majority PAC, the main Democratic House super PAC, and $3.9 million from the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. Pilip bought just $200,000 in TV ads herself, but received significant support from the GOP Congressional Leadership Fund super PAC ($4.3 million), the National Republican Congressional Committee ($2.3 million) and $967,000 from Secure NYS PAC, a super PAC that won’t have to disclose most of its donors for another month.

Looking only at total dollars spent actually undersells the Democratic advantage on the airwaves. That’s because Suozzi’s campaign spent so much more than Pilip’s campaign, and candidates get much more favorable pricing for their ads than super PACs do. Democrats overall were able to air 6,964 gross ratings points (the metric professionals use to measure the reach of TV ads) compared to just 3,526 for Republicans.

It’s no accident that Suozzi has been able to marshal more financial firepower than Pilip; according to the latest FEC filings, which covered a period ending Jan. 24, he outraised her by a factor of three. Suozzi is a fixture on the political scene and had the fundraising network of a three-term congressman and two-time gubernatorial candidate, while Pilip began the race as a little-known county legislator. That comparative advantage is probably a major reason party leaders picked Suozzi to begin with, and if he wins, it will look like a bet that paid off big.

—Jacob Rubashkin, Inside Elections

Howdy, I'm Brittany Shepherd, a national politics reporter who works over yonder at ABC News. I actually grew up in NY-03 (I wish there was a way to write this in my Long Island accent … ) and have been spending some time in my hometown covering this race.

One thing I’ll be watching is how densely Jewish populated areas in the district will break in the aftermath of the Oct. 7 Hamas attack on Israel, given Pilip's background living in Israel and serving in the IDF, versus Suozzi walking the tightrope of voicing strong support for Israel while also attempting to court Muslim and Arab American voters. The Israel-Hamas conflict is intensely personal in the district, too, as one of the hostages being held by Hamas, 22-year-old IDF soldier Omer Neutra, is from the district. About 11 percent of the voting population in the district is Jewish, per The Jewish Democratic Council of America.

—Brittany Shepherd, ABC News