How justices ruled on four oral arguments

— -- Individual mandate

Can the government require individuals to purchase health insurance under the Constitution's commerce clause, which gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce?

No, but the mandate is constitutional under Congress' taxing power, since the penalty for not getting insurance is administered like a tax.

Severability

If the individual mandate is unconstitutional, does it invalidate the entire law? Can it be struck down while the rest of the law stands? Or should certain provisions be struck with it?

This question did not need to be answered because the mandate was upheld by the 5-4 opinion written by Chief Justice John Roberts.

Medicaid

Is the law's generous expansion of Medicaid, the federal-state program for the poor, "coercive" by luring states into an offer they cannot refuse because they could risk all their Medicaid funds?

Yes. States cannot lose all their federal Medicaid funds if they do not expand the program. Their participation is voluntary, seven justices said.

Anti-Injunction Act

Do lawsuits against the health care law need to be set aside until the law is enforced and Americans have paid the tax penalties assessed if they do not buy insurance?

No. The law doesn't require that the penalties be treated as taxes for purposes of the Anti-Injunction Act. All nine justices agreed on that.