A Marist poll taken last week asked Granite Staters which of six issues were top of mind in the 2024 election. Thirty-two percent said “preserving democracy,” 26 percent said inflation, 18 percent said immigration, 6 percent said abortion, 3 percent said crime and 2 percent said health care. Among Republicans and Republican-leaning independents, however, inflation topped the list, with 40 percent choosing that issue, followed by immigration at 33 percent. “Preserving democracy” was chosen by just 14 percent of Republicans and Republican-leaning independent voters.

—Mary Radcliffe, 538

Despite Trump being a favorite tonight, New Hampshire Republican voters are slightly more moderate than Iowa’s Republican caucusgoers, and those moderates prefer Haley. But while likely Republican primary voters are more moderate on issues like abortion, issue polling suggests that they align with their national party on key issues like immigration, the economy and foreign policy.

New Hampshire Republicans name immigration as a top concern, just like Republicans across the country. When asked to name the most important issues of the race, 59 percent of likely GOP primary voters said it was extremely important, and 25 selected it as the most important issue in a November Monmouth University/Washington Post poll. Ninety-two percent thought Biden’s immigration policy was a "more of a failure" than a success in an Emerson College/WHDH-TV poll.

Seventy-eight percent of likely Republican primary voters ranked jobs and the economy as one of their top three issues, and 40 percent ranked it as their top issue, in deciding who to vote for in a November University of New Hampshire/CNN poll. More specifically, inflation and rising prices closely followed immigration as a top issue in the Monmouth/Washington Post poll of potential Republican primary voters from November, with 58 percent saying it was an extremely important issue facing the country and 20 percent picking it as the single most important issue.

These two issues are no surprise, since Republicans have been naming the economy and immigration as top issues since the 2022 midterms. But an issue that’s risen in importance since Russia invaded Ukraine nearly two years ago, and especially since Hamas’s attacks on Israel Oct. 7, is foreign policy. That event appeared to boost foreign policy from a distant third place in September to second place when likely New Hampshire Republican primary voters ranked their top three issues in the UNH/CNN poll, with 57 percent placing it in their top three in November, up from 28 percent in September. And 90 percent of New Hampshire Republicans disapprove of Biden’s handling of foreign affairs in a University of New Hampshire Survey Center poll from October.

No matter who wins tonight, New Hampshire voters seem to share the nationwide disapproval of Biden’s handling of important issues. That could give the eventual Republican nominee a chance in the state, despite its record of supporting Democrats for president in the last five elections.

—Monica Potts, 538

Primaries are a race for delegates, but the early primary states don’t actually have many delegates up for grabs. Their real value is in their potential to give favorable media coverage, and thus a polling boost, to candidates ahead of delegate-rich Super Tuesday. That’s why you hear so much about the importance of “beating expectations” in states like New Hampshire. But where should those expectations be set for each candidate? It’s subjective, but I’ll try to give you a data-driven idea.

For Trump, finishing first today would obviously be a win after the media hyped up New Hampshire as a competitive contest between him and Haley. Even a respectable second-place finish would be good news for Trump. According to our modeling, Trump needs to win only eight out of 22 delegates — about one-third of the vote — in New Hampshire to be on pace to win the nomination nationwide. (This is because New Hampshire is one of his worst states demographically.) That said, if Trump gets only 33 percent of the vote, he would probably get a bunch of bad headlines for underperforming his polls so badly. So let’s split the difference and say that Trump needs to win at least 40 percent of the vote — regardless of whether he finishes first or second — to be satisfied with the result in New Hampshire.

Meanwhile, if Haley wins New Hampshire, her team will try to chalk it up as a huge win. And in many ways, it would be: Apart from, you know, literally being a win, it would represent a significant overperformance of her polls (she currently trails Trump by 18 percentage points) and would surely give her a bunch of free media attention that could translate into votes in later states. That said, our modeling says that Haley needs to win all 22 of New Hampshire’s delegates in order to be on pace for the nomination nationwide, so even a regular-sized win in New Hampshire would be insufficient for her. And a second-place finish would be unambiguously bad news for her viability in the race, no matter how much her team tries to spin it.

—Nathaniel Rakich, 538

Last week in Iowa, Haley made history as the first Republican woman to win more than one delegate in the Iowa caucuses — she finished with eight. Haley is just the fourth Republican woman to win any primary delegates at all (the others are Carly Fiorina in 2016, Michele Bachmann in 2012, and Margaret Chase Smith in 1964). To put that into perspective, three Republican men won delegates in Iowa last week.

Today in New Hampshire, Haley will likely make more history by adding to her delegate count (though she’s still most likely to come in second to Trump in the state). But running for the presidency as a woman presents unique challenges, and running for the Republican nomination is arguably even more complicated. For one, the GOP is less outwardly committed to electing women. According to a 2023 Pew survey, 75 percent of Democrats, but only 29 percent of Republicans, say there are too few women in politics. In that same survey, only 14 percent of Republicans (versus 57 percent of Democrats) said it was somewhat extremely important to them that the U.S. elect a female president in their lifetime. If Haley continues to present a challenge to Trump, his campaign might start exploiting his gender advantage.

Republican women may also face higher hurdles and harsher scrutiny from those within their own party: According to a 2022 poll from PerryUndem, 28 percent of Republican men and 20 percent of Republican women (compared to 10 percent of Democratic men and 1 percent of Democratic women) said that men generally make better political leaders than women. In a Republican electoral context, a candidate discussing how her experience as a woman enhances her leadership abilities risks putting off voters who prefer stereotypically male leadership traits or who shy away from “identity politics.” But ignoring those experiences can hurt their chances too, because Republicans have more traditional beliefs about women’s roles. It’s been a tough needle for Haley to thread.

Another hurdle that women running for the presidency face, regardless of their party, is questions about their “electability,” whatever that means. In the 2020 Democratic primary there was no shortage of think pieces and polls about Elizabeth Warren’s and Kamala Harris’s electability, particularly after Clinton’s loss to Trump in 2016 (e.g., “Warren battles the ghosts of Hillary”), when sexism undoubtedly played a role. When Haley announced she was running, Trump made a swipe that she is “overly ambitious,” a trope often weaponized against women who seek all kinds of power and authority, and she has faced other subtle attacks that invoke her gender.

Overall, the electability discussion seems to be plaguing Haley less than it did the women in the 2020 Democratic primary. But she’s still guarding against it. That’s why Haley, in her closing Iowa speech, claimed she would beat Biden by 17 points in the general election (a number she advertises often, including in her latest ad, “Haley wins, Trump loses”). That number comes from a Wall Street Journal poll from last year. But as Elliott mentioned during the Iowa the live blog last week, a 538 preliminary general-election polling average as of that night found Haley up by only 2.7 points versus Biden, and Trump ahead of Biden by 1.8 points). So, her electability argument is slimmer, but still standing. She just has to get by Trump to test it out.

—Meredith Conroy, 538 contributor