Walz-Vance debate updates: VP candidates tangle on abortion, immigration and Jan. 6

The Penn Wharton Budget Model has estimated that Trump's tax and spending proposal will cause tax revenue to fall by $5.8 trillion and produce a similar amount of primary deficit over the course of a decade.

Vance lashed out at the experts, saying not to trust them but to trust "common sense."

"A lot of the same economists attacked Donald Trump's plans and they have PhDs but they don't have common sense and they don't have wisdom," he said.

Walz immediately pushed back on Vance.

"Economists can't be trusted. Science can't be trusted. National security folks can't be trusted. If you're going to be president, you don't have all the answers. Donald Trump believes he does. Pro-tip of the day is this, if you need heart surgery, listen to the people at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, not Donald Trump," Walz said.

Walz has never invoked his Christian faith on the campaign trail, but during the debate, he quoted a Bible verse while reiterating his support for the border bill that failed to pass through Congress this year.

“This bill gets it done in 90 days. Then you start to make a difference in this and you start to adhere to what we know, American principles. Look, I don't talk about my faith a lot, but Matthew 25:40 talks about -- to the least amongst us. You do unto me," he said.

"I think that's true of most Americans. They simply want order to it. This bill does it. It's funded. It's supported by the people who do it. And it lets us keep our dignity about how we treat other people,” he said.

-ABC News' Isabella Murray

Fact-check: False.

Under President Barack Obama, Iran did take possession of $100 billion in unfrozen assets after the signing of the Iran nuclear deal, which Trump later overturned. But Harris was not involved in the Obama administration.

In August 2023, the U.S. announced an agreement with Iran to secure freedom for five U.S. citizens who’d been detained in the country in exchange for allowing Iran to access $6 billion of its own funds that had been frozen in South Korean banks.

The money consisted of Iranian oil revenue frozen since 2019, when Trump imposed a ban on Iranian oil exports and sanctions on its banking sector. The agreement also included the release of five Iranians held in U.S. prisons.

In April 2024, Deputy Treasury Secretary Wally Adeyemo said that those funds had been once-again frozen after the Oct. 7, 2023, Hamas terrorist attacks on Israel and had not reached Iran.

— PolitiFact’s Louis Jacobson

Fact-check: False.

During Biden’s administration, immigration officials have encountered immigrants illegally crossing the U.S. border around 10 million times. When accounting for "got aways" — people who aren’t stopped by border officials — the number rises to about 11.6 million.

But encounters don’t mean admissions. Encounters represent events, so one person who tries to cross the border twice counts for two encounters. Also, not everyone encountered is let into the country. The Department of Homeland Security estimates about 4.2 million encounters have led to expulsions or removals.

About 3.9 million people have been released into the U.S. to await immigration court hearings under Biden’s administration, Department of Homeland Security data shows.

—PolitiFact’s Maria Ramirez Uribe