In abortion pill hearing, Supreme Court sounds skeptical of challenge to mifepristone access
It's the first major abortion rights case since Roe was overruled.
A high-stakes hearing played out before the U.S. Supreme Court on Tuesday in a case that could reshape abortion access nationwide.
The justices considered a challenge to the Food and Drug Administration’s regulation of mifepristone, the first pill taken in a two-drug regimen for a medication abortion, which is the most common method of abortion in the country.
It is the first major reproductive rights case before the high court since Roe v. Wade was overturned in 2022. A decision is expected by the end of June.
Key moments:
Prelogar says increased ER visits for mail-order pills doesn't mean more adverse effects
Justice Samuel Alito said the plaintiffs argued in court filings that studies have shown after the 2021 change from the FDA that allowed mifepristone to be mailed that there was an increase in emergency room visits.
He asked Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar if the FDA's response -- that there were not increases in side effects from the drug -- was proper.
Preolgar said this was a reasoned explanation from the FDA and the agency acknowledged that while some studies have shown the availability of abortion pills by mail led to more ER visits, this did not equate to "more serious adverse effects."
"Many might go because they are experiencing heavy bleeding which mimics a miscarriage and they need to know whether or not they are having a complication," she said.
Alito mentions the Comstock Act: What is it
Being cited in the arguments is the Comstock Act, a 151-year-old law under which it's illegal to use carriers such as the United States Postal Service to mail "obscene" materials such as drugs that induce abortions.
The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine has said the FDA's decision to allow patients to receive mifepristone by mail instead of in person from certified health providers specifically violates the Comstock Act.
Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar, pressed by Justice Samuel Alito on why the FDA didn't consider the application of the Comstock provisions, said she did not think it fell under the FDA's "lane."
"And we don't think it means what respondents suggested," Prelogar said of the law.
Read more about the Comstock Act here.
Government says anti-abortion doctors still have individual 'conscience protections'
Amid questions from the Supreme Court about who has standing to sue, Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar said the federal government believes individual doctors still have broad "conscience protections" if they oppose abortion and decline to provide such access in specific instances.
Prelogar reaffirmed that later in the hearing when some justices returned to the topic but noted that the government believes there are exceptions under the law.
Preolgar previously argued that the government does not believe states have standing in this case to sue.
Solicitor general argues supposed harm is 'unduly speculative'
Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar is arguing the supposed harm cited by the anti-abortion alliance is "unduly speculative" and hypothetical.
"Their theories rest on a long chain of remote contingencies," she said. "Only an exceptionally small number of women suffer the kind of serious complications that could trigger any need for emergency treatment. It's speculative that any of those woman would seek care from the two specific doctors who asserted conscience injuries."
Prelogar also asserted that if there were any safety consequences to a drug, the FDA could take action itself to fix it.
Government defends FDA's expert judgments and warns of 'grave harm' for women
Pelogar, in her opening statement, contended the anti-abortion plaintiffs have no standing and defended the FDA's approval of the drug.
She warned that the relief sought by the Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine would both "severely disrupt the federal system for developing and approving drugs" and "inflict grave harm on women across the nation."