Seven Big Items Congress Won't Get to This Fall

— -- With Election Day looming, the House and Senate have returned to Washington with a full agenda. There are only 12 days of legislative work on the calendar, and with most of Congress on the ballot in November, lawmakers in both parties hope to tread lightly and avoid confrontation that could distract from re-election campaigns. Here's what definitely won't come up before Election Day.

The Minimum Wage

It’s been five years since the federal minimum wage has been raised. It currently sits at $7.25 an hour. The bill H.R. 1010, Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2013, was introduced to the Senate in March of last year. If enacted, the federal minimum wage would be raised to $10.10 an hour over the course of two years, and the minimum wage for tipped workers would be $3.00 an hour. But the bill has only a 2 percent chance of being enacted, according to Govtrack. In April, a measure on the minimum wage failed to advance in the Democratic-controlled Senate. With Republicans referring to the measure as “political theater,” a vote is even less likely in the House.

Comprehensive Immigration Reform

In June of 2013, a bipartisan group of senators passed a sweeping immigration reform bill that would provide a pathway to citizenship for 11 million undocumented immigrants, reform visa programs and increase border security. House Speaker John Boehner said President Barack Obama was “feeding distrust” with executive orders, and told Obama in June the House wouldn’t vote on the bill this year. While the Ohio Republican recently said Congress could vote next year, the landscape of long-term landscape changes with control of the Senate. With Obama walking back his promise to go-it-alone with executive action last week, movement on the issues -- big or small -- will have to wait.

A Renewed Push for Gun Control

More than 74 school shootings have occurred since the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in Connecticut vaulted gun control into the national political conversation, according to a tally by the gun control advocacy group Everytown for Gun Safety. The only major play at bipartisan gun control legislation in the aftermath, the Manchin-Toomey bill, was defeated in the Senate in April 2013. Despite the efforts of advocacy groups headed by the likes of Gabby Giffords and Michael Bloomberg to put gun control on the agenda in races across the country, Congress hasn’t budged. Instead, the fight has localized. Eleven states have added laws to nullify federal gun regulations since 2008, according to News21, an investigative journalism organization.

The Federal Budget

With both parties wary of another government shutdown, members of Congress will likely pass a continuing resolution by Oct.1, the start of the next fiscal year, to keep the lights on in the federal government. The 10-week stopgap would put appropriations disagreements on hold until after Election Day, when voters would have a chance to punish lawmakers for any brinksmanship.

The Fate of the Export-Import Bank

The agency, which helps finance American trade overseas, has become a flash point for conservatives on the role of the government in business. Republicans such as Rep. Jeb Hensarling of Texas, who believe the bank’s work makes it harder for small business to complete in the global economy, want Congress to let the bank’s authorization expire on Sept. 30. Others see it as an important component of trade policy. Because an intraparty feud isn’t the best way to showcase the GOP to voters, expect Congress to pass a short-term extension of the bank before debating the long-term viability of the program.

Approving the Keystone XL Pipeline

First proposed nearly six years ago, the Keystone XL oil pipeline system would transport oil from Canada down to the Gulf Coast. However, the pipeline, which currently runs to Nebraska, has been delayed and heavily debated due to environmental concerns, and is the subject of an active Nebraska Supreme Court case. In 2013, the House passed the Northern Route Approval Act, which approved the building of the pipeline and eliminated barriers to the pipeline’s construction. A Senate vote on the bill would put pressure on the Obama administration, which has repeatedly postponed making a decision on the international project, to weigh in.

Campaign Finance Reform

After a dramatic Supreme Court ruling in April striking down limits on campaign contributions, Democrats (and some Republicans) have called for tighter campaign finance restrictions. A constitutional amendment initiated by Sen. Tom Udall, D-N.M., could seek more regulation by Congress and states over where and how much money pours into campaigns. Republicans have called the issue an election-year ploy, an attempt to motivate progressives to vote in November. In an editorial he wrote for Politico Magazine Sunday, Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., accused Democrats of trying to “shut down the voices of their critics” in a “quixotic anti-speech gambit.” While action on the issue may be limited within the halls of Congress this fall, the fight will continue through the election -- another record-spending affair by most estimates.